AASHTO M294-18 pdf free download
AASHTO M294-18 pdf free download.Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe, 300- to 1500-mm (12- to 60-in.) Diameter.
3. TERMINOLOGY
3.1. The terminology used in this standard is in accordance with the definitions given in ASTM D883 and ASTM F412 unless otherwise specified.
3.2. buckling—During pipe flattening testing, any decrease or downward deviation in the pipe load- deflection test curve at or below the calculated buckling deflection limit shall be considered a buckling point.
3.3. contaminant—inorganic particulate matter or other non-HDPE organic material that creates inclusions or stress risers in the crystalline structure of HDPE.
3.4. crack—any break or split that extends through the wall or liner.
3.5. crack initiation—the portion of the slow-crack-growth mechanism associated with the initial development of a craze zone and micro-cracks around a contaminant, void, or discontinuity; also referred to as slow-crack-growth initiation or stress-crack initiation.
3.6. crack propagation—the portion of the slow-crack-growth mechanism associated with successive yielding of HDPE material ahead of a crack tip; also referred to as slow-crack-growth propagation or stress-crack propagation.
3.7. crease—a visible irrecoverable indentation.
3.8. buckling deflection limit—the percentage reduction of the inside diameter of the pipe for the extreme fiber of the wall profile to reach the factored combined compressive strain limit of 6.15 percent for HDPE pipe per AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specications, Section 12.
3.9. delamination—A separation between the inner liner and outer corrugated wall of Type S pipe as evidenced by a visible gap extending completely through at least one corrugation valley at any point around the circumference of the pipe. For Type D pipe, delamination is a separation of the liner and outer wall as evidenced by a visible gap extending completely between the internal supports and liner or outer wall at any point around the circumference of the pipe.
3.10. polyethylene (PE) p/astics—plastics based on polymers made with ethylene as essentially the sole monomer (ASTM D883).
3.11. post-consumer recycled PCR) PE—PE materials from products that have served a previous consumer purpose (for example, laundry detergent bottles, milk bottles, and other containers for consumer goods).
3.12. post-industrial recycled (FIR) PE—PE materials diverted from the waste stream during a manufacturing process that have never reached the end user.
3.13. reworked plastic—a plastic from a processor’s own production that has been reground, pelletized, or solvated after having been previously processed by molding, extrusion, etc. (ASTM D883).
3.14. slow crack growth (SCG)—a phenomenon by which a stress crack may form. A stress crack is an external or internal crack in plastic caused by tensile stresses less than its short-time mechanical strength. The slow-crack-growth mechanism is comprised of a crack initiation phase and a crack- propagation phase.
3.15. virgin polyethylene ,naterial—PE plastic material in the form of pellets, granules, powder, floc, or liquid that has not been subject to use or processing other than required for initial manufacture.
6.1.1. Extruded Pipe and Blow Molded Fittings- Pipe and fittings shall be made of virgin or recycled PE resin compounds, or blends of both, meeting the requirements of ASTM D3350 and cell classification 435400C, except that the carbon black content shall not exceed 4.0 percent. The cell classification shall be based on the virgin or recycled PE resin compounds, or blends of both, without carbon black when tested in accordance with ASTM D4218. Resins that have higher cell classifications in one or more properties, with the exception of density, are acceptable provided product requirements are met. For slow-crack- growth resistance, acceptance of resins shall be determined by using the notched constant ligament-stress (NCLS) test according to the procedure described in Section 9.4. For slow-crack-growth resistance, the requirements in Sections 6.1.1.1 and 6.1.1.2 shall be met.AASHTO M294-18 pdf download.
