AASHTO M45-16 pdf free download

AASHTO M45-16 pdf free download.Aggregate for Masonry Mortar.
3. MATERIAL
3.1. Aggregate for use in masonry mortar shall consist of natural sand or manufactured sand. Manufactured sand is the product obtained by crushing stone, gravel, or air-cooled iron blast- furnace slag specially processed to ensure suitable particle shape as well as gradation.
4. GRADING
4.1. Aggregate for use in masonry mortar shall be graded within the following limits, depending on whether natural sand or manufactured sand is to be used. (See Table 1.)
4.2. The aggregate shall not have more than 50 percent retained between any two consecutive sieves of those listed in Section 4.1, and no more than 25 percent between the 300-jim (No. 50) and 150-jim (No. 100) sieve.
4.3. If the fineness modulus varies by more than 0.20 from the value assumed in selecting proportions for the mortar, the aggregate shall be rejected unless suitable adjustments are made in proportions to compensate for the change in grading.
Note 1—For heavy construction employing joints thicker than 12.5 mm (‘/2 in.), a coarser aggregate may be desirable. For such work, a fine aggregate conforming to M 6 is satisfactory.
4.4. When an aggregate fails the gradation limits specified in Sections 4.1 and 4.2, it may be used provided the mortar can be prepared to comply with the aggregate ratio, water retention, air content, and compressive strength requirements of the property specifications of ASTM C270.
5.2. Organic Impurities:
5.2.1. The aggregate shall be free of injurious amounts of organic impurities. Except as herein provided, aggregates subjected to the test for organic impurities and producing a color darker than the standard shall be rejected.
5.2.2. Aggregate failing in the test may be used provided that the discoloration is due principally to the presence of small quantities of coal, lignite, or similar discrete particles.
5.2.3. Aggregate failing in the test may be used provided that, when tested for the effect of organic impurities on strength of mortar by T 71, the relative strength at seven days is not less than 95 percent.
6. SOUNDNESS
6.1. Except as herein provided, aggregate subjected to five cycles of the soundness test shall show a loss, weighted in accordance with the grading of a sample complying with the limitations set forth in Section 4, not greater than 10 percent when sodium sulfate is used or 15 percent when magnesium sulfate is used.
6.2. Aggregate failing to meet the requirements of Section 6.1 may be accepted, provided that mortar of comparable properties made from similar aggregates from the same source has been exposed to weathering, similar to that to be encountered, for a period of more than five years without appreciable disintegration.
7.1 .10. Workability—Excessive quantities of flat and elongated particles have historically caused problems with workability. When measured on any aggregate of a known grading, void content provides an indication of that aggregate’s angularity, sphericity, and surface texture compared with other fine aggregates tested in the same grading. When void content is measured on an as-received fine aggregate grading, it can be an indicator of the effect of the fine aggregate on the workability of a mixture in which it may be used.
7.1.11. Densitv—Deterrnine the bulk specific gravity (oven dry basis) of the fine aggregate in accordance with T 84. The specific gravity equals the density expressed in units of g/cm3. The density of the fine aggregate in g/cm3 is used in the calculation of the air content of the mortars, as required by ASTM C270.AASHTO M45-16 pdf download.